今回入手した中古 HDD は、１個目と同じく Seagate Barracuda ES.2 1TB です。S.M.A.R.T. でエラーがある状態とのことで、１個目よりも千円ほど安い値段でした。１個目は、入手直後こそエラーがない状態でしたが、使い始めた途端にエラーが多発し、不良セクタ処置後は３ヵ月ほど安定して利用できています。その経験値から、最初からエラー（不良セクタ）があるとしても、同じように処置すれば、そこそこ使えるのでは？という判断のもと、安さ優先で調達しました。
そんな訳で、一種の賭けでしたが、認識はされました（さすがに認識もされない個体は売ってないですかね）ので、最初に S.M.A.R.T. 確認です。
[root@hoge ~]# smartctl -A /dev/sdf smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 065 039 044 Pre-fail Always In_the_past 3585868 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 099 099 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 35 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 082 082 036 Pre-fail Always - 379 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 070 057 030 Pre-fail Always - 434963003265 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 070 070 000 Old_age Always - 26851 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 037 020 Old_age Always - 35 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 574 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 8590065669 189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 074 054 045 Old_age Always - 26 (Min/Max 26/26) 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 026 046 000 Old_age Always - 26 (0 15 0 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 024 024 000 Old_age Always - 3585868 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0某ショップの説明通り、そこそこのキズモノのようですが、１個目と見比べると 188 Command_Timeout が多発しているのが特に気になります。
運用時間（9 Power_On_Hours）は、
[root@hoge ~]# echo "26851 / 24 / 365" | bc -l 3.06518264840182648401ほぼ３年です。
次は hdparm -i の出力です。
[root@hoge ~]# hdparm -i /dev/sdf
/dev/sdf:
Model=ST31000340NS, FwRev=FSC9, SerialNo=9xxxxxx6
Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs RotSpdTol>.5% }
RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4
BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=1953525168
IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
Drive conforms to: unknown: ATA/ATAPI-4,5,6,7
* signifies the current active mode
１個目は、Write cache が disabled でしたが、２個目は、特に操作しなくても WriteCache=enabled でした。それと、ファームウェアのバージョンが異りました。１個目は NA02 ですが、こちらは FSC9 。
次は、smartctl -a の出力です。
[root@hoge ~]# smartctl -a /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda ES.2
Device Model: ST31000340NS
Serial Number: 9xxxxxx6
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0yyyyyyy5
Firmware Version: FSC9
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Fri Oct 9 12:47:55 2015 JST
==> WARNING: There are known problems with these drives,
see the following Seagate web pages:
http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/207931en
http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/207963en
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 642) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 225) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 065 039 044 Pre-fail Always In_the_past 3585868
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 099 099 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 35
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 082 082 036 Pre-fail Always - 379
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 070 057 030 Pre-fail Always - 434963004045
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 070 070 000 Old_age Always - 26852
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 037 020 Old_age Always - 35
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 574
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 8590065669
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 068 054 045 Old_age Always - 32 (Min/Max 26/32)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 032 046 000 Old_age Always - 32 (0 15 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 024 024 000 Old_age Always - 3585868
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 15 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 15 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 26830 hours (1117 days + 22 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 0b 8d 78 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00788d0b = 7900427
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 01 0b 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:23.338 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:23.338 READ DMA EXT
42 00 02 0d 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:23.241 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 02 0b 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:20.264 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:20.192 READ DMA EXT
Error 14 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 26830 hours (1117 days + 22 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 0b 8d 78 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00788d0b = 7900427
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 02 0b 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:20.264 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:20.192 READ DMA EXT
42 00 04 0b 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:17.248 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:17.192 READ DMA EXT
42 00 04 07 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:17.102 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
Error 13 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 26830 hours (1117 days + 22 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 0b 8d 78 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00788d0b = 7900427
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 04 0b 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:17.248 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:17.192 READ DMA EXT
42 00 04 07 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:17.102 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 08 07 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:14.161 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 08 ff 8c 78 e0 00 00:08:14.102 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
Error 12 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 26830 hours (1117 days + 22 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 0b 8d 78 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00788d0b = 7900427
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 08 07 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:14.161 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 08 ff 8c 78 e0 00 00:08:14.102 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:14.102 READ DMA EXT
42 00 10 0f 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:14.020 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
42 00 10 ff 8c 78 e0 00 00:08:11.071 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
Error 11 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 26830 hours (1117 days + 22 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 0b 8d 78 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00788d0b = 7900427
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
42 00 10 ff 8c 78 e0 00 00:08:11.071 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:11.070 READ DMA EXT
42 00 20 1f 8d 78 e0 00 00:08:10.985 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:08:10.947 READ DMA EXT
42 00 20 ff 8c 78 e0 00 00:08:07.923 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
いくつかのエラーログも出ていました。次は、hdparm -I の出力です。
[root@hoge ~]# hdparm -I /dev/sdf
/dev/sdf:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: ST31000340NS
Serial Number: 9xxxxxx6
Firmware Revision: FSC9
Transport: Serial
Standards:
Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x0029)
Supported: 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 8
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 1953525168
Logical/Physical Sector size: 512 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 953869 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 1000204 MBytes (1000 GB)
cache/buffer size = unknown
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 7200
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = ?
Recommended acoustic management value: 128, current value: 0
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
SET_MAX security extension
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* 64-bit World wide name
* Write-Read-Verify feature set
* WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
* {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
* Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
* Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
* Phy event counters
* Software settings preservation
* SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
* SCT Write Same (AC2)
* SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
* SCT Features Control (AC4)
* SCT Data Tables (AC5)
unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
not frozen
not expired: security count
supported: enhanced erase
192min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 192min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 5000c50015b19765
NAA : 5
IEEE OUI : 000c50
Unique ID : 0yyyyyyy5
Checksum: correct
今回も ZFS で冗長化（４台でRAIDZ）して使うので、全セクタ検査などせずに、そのまま投入です。ただ今、書き込みテスト中。
2015-10-13追記
ZFS プールの 70% 程度までテストデータを書き込み、そのあと、scrub を行いましたが、一切エラーは出ませんでした。S.M.A.R.T. カウンタも特段の変化はありませんでした。もし、このまま２年くらい使えたなら、お買い得だったと振り返ることができそうに思います。
2017-04-21追記
2017-04-11 に、見事に壊れました。擦れてような異音がして、冷却ファンのどれかが壊れかかっているのかと、耳を近づけてもどこから音がしているか、なかなかわからないもんですね。zpool status をみて、この HDD が壊れたことがわかりました。いわゆるヘッドクラッシュなのか？もの凄い音でした。
週に１回、smartctl の出力を採取していましたので、壊れるまえに最後に採取されたデータ (2017-04-05のもの) を、参考に貼り付けておきます。
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 070 039 044 Pre-fail Always In_the_past 12104840 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 099 099 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 83 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 082 082 036 Pre-fail Always - 389 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 070 057 030 Pre-fail Always - 435030066631 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 055 055 000 Old_age Always - 39600 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 037 020 Old_age Always - 83 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 574 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 8590065669 189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 066 054 045 Old_age Always - 34 (Min/Max 32/43) 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 034 046 000 Old_age Always - 34 (0 15 0 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 034 024 000 Old_age Always - 12104840 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0さて、交換ですが・・・、またも同じ型番の中古 HDD を注文しました。某ショップで★５つでしたが、さてどんなもんでしょうね。